Panel fotowoltaiczny
moduł PV FotowoltaikaA photovoltaic panel, more precisely a PV module, is an assembly of electrically interconnected cells enclosed in a structure that protects them from environmental influences. A typical module comprises a laminate, glass, encapsulation layers, a backsheet or second glass pane, a frame, junction box, cables and bypass diodes. It produces direct current, and its rated power, voltage and current are stated for defined measurement conditions, most commonly STC. Selection also requires checking dimensions, mechanical loads, safety class and inverter compatibility.
When comparing modules, the data and certificates of the specific product should be compared, not only wattage. Surface efficiency, temperature coefficient, system voltage, warranted degradation and mounting conditions are relevant. Annual yield results from the complete design, not from a single module parameter.