Fotowoltaika (PV)
PV FotowoltaikaPhotovoltaics (PV) is a technology that directly converts solar radiation into electricity by means of the photovoltaic effect in semiconductor cells. Cells are assembled into modules, and modules into DC circuits that operate with an inverter, protection devices, cabling and a mounting structure. The inverter converts the energy into AC electricity compatible with the installation and the grid. Output depends, among other factors, on irradiance, module temperature, orientation, shading, equipment efficiency and connection constraints.
For a business, PV can reduce purchases of active energy, but it does not guarantee independence from prices or from the grid. The design should consider the consumption profile, self-consumption, connection capacity, power quality and inverter settings. Its effect on reactive power must be assessed for the specific device and operating conditions.